Eltrombopag olamine is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist that increases bone marrow platelet production. It is mostly administered for patients receiving interferon-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C and for those with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), in which the immune system kills platelets. When taken orally, it attaches to and activates thrombopoietin receptors, which promotes the production of platelets.